词义的模糊性探讨(英文)

Abstract: This thesis, on the basis of the previous researches, first tends to analyzes the fetures of the fuzziness of language. Then gives a detailed comparison of such concepts as generality, ambiguity and the fuzziness of word meaning to let people have a better understanding of fuzziness. Meanwhile, the fuzziness of word meaning is aslo probed into from the perspective of semantics and pragmatics. Using fuzzy language, people may express something they have no precise words to convey their meaning clearly, or write something they can’t write lively, even something they don’t have to tell definitely. Fuzzy expressions serve a variety of social functions in coversations. One most important function is that it makes the conversation more polite, softens implicit complaints and criticisms, saving speech participants’ faces, and it is aslo used to avoid the embarrassment in conversations.

Key words: Fuzziness; Origin; Semantics; Pragmatics; Use

摘 要：以前人的研究为基础，本文首先分析了语言模糊性的特点,探讨了模糊性产生的根源，并就人们在使用中常常混淆的概括、含糊和模糊性这些概念进行了比较,使人们对语言模糊性有更深入的认识,然后从语义和语用两方面探讨了词义的模糊性。运用词义的模糊性,人们在交际中可以表达心中想说而说不明白想写却写的不够生动真实和一些并不需要表达精确的话语,能够传达会话含义，还能进行含蓄性的批评以保全说话者的脸面,缓和争论的场面并消除尴尬的氛围。

关键词：模糊性；来源；语义；语用；用途
 
Intruduction
Linguists, as time goes on, get a wider and deeper understanding of the nature of human language. During the twentieth century, especially in the past thirty years, there has been a resurgence of interest in fuzziness, in mordern linguistics, the view that words are defined clearly and seriously limited on their meanings has been replaced by the thought that it is unstableriable in words’ meaning. We find that traditionally pejorative attitudes to fuzziness have been abandoned gradually since more and more people come to realize the indispensability and communicative value of fuzziness. It has been convinced that fuzziness does not absolutely mean imprecision, nor does it consequentially result in troubles. Philosophers of natural language now consider fuzziness to be neither a marginal nor a problematic phenomenon. They think fuzziness has great importance because of its convenience and efficiency in everyday communication.
The paper includes five parts. It begins with an introduction of fuzziness . The first part  presents a very detailed studies on language fuzziness .It gives definition of fuzziness and makes a careful comparation between the fuzziness of word meaning and ambiguity, generality etc. The second part talks about the origin of the fuzziness of language . In the third chapter we analyze the fuzziness of word meaning from the perspective of semantics and pragmatics. The fourth chapter deals with the use of fuzzy language.

1  Recent study of the fuzziness
Fuzziness is original and attentively studied by philosophers and logicians, receiving increasing philosophical and logic attention. As a product of nature and human brains, language itself has the necessity to be exact and clear all the time, espectially in the process of communication, whether in written or spoken form, but fuzziness is aslo one of the characteristics of the natural language. In 1965 L.A.Zadeh published the historic paper Fuzzy Sets, fuzziness study comes to form its own discipline, such as fuzzy linguistics. He is the first person who puts forward the theory of fuzzy sets. From then on, both domestic and foreign linguistics make great efforts into studying fuzziness based on Fuzzy Set. Ever after, linguistists make systematic researches on the fuzzy languge. Channell thinks that fuzziness in language neither all“bad” or all“good”used in many ways. It shows she makes fuzziness into psychological causes, since "indefiniteness of this sort in perceptions, memories, beliefs and intentions is sometimes described as vagueness."[1] She aslo thinks that fuzziness is both a linguistic phenomenon, and a pragmatic matter. Burns agrees with D. Lewis’s view that "language themselves are free of fuzziness but the linguistic conventions of a population or the linguistic habits of a person select not a point but a fuzzy region in the space of precise languages"[2].