1. 2 Definition of constructivism
Constructivism is also translated as structure. Since 90’s, constructivism is one of the branch of cognitive and is the further development of cognitive. Constructivism is the most active area of the cognitive psychology research. Constructivism is also translated as structure. Since 90’s, constructivism is one of the branch of cognitive and is the further development of cognitive. Constructivism is the most active area of the cognitive psychology research. Constructivism stressed student-centered in the study and that the leaner build the significance according to the initiative under the previous cognitive structure as well as by other people and environment [5] .
2 Distinction between the traditional concept of teaching and constructivism
What are the advantages of constructivism, is it beneficial for the leaners to some extent, there is the specific introduction about it?
2.1 Traditional concept of teaching
China’s traditional foreign language teaching is built on the actionism, which stress the drilling and enhanced awareness as well as the traditional cognitism, according to which teachers just convey the knowledge to students. It uses 3p models and it is teacher-centered. Teachers’ teach is the main form, knowledge is been seen as “objective”things presented as by teacher to the students, according to the concept of this theory, students are always underthe guigence of teachers, students are seen as a piece of blank paper, teacher can draw any kind of picture in their own way and according to their own wishes on this piece of blank paper, so people always call this kind of teaching as “spoon fed” education. it’s famous with that the teacher’s guidance is first, but the individual learner’s differences are almost been ignored which resulted that various conflicts will become learners’ obstacle during the learning process. Although this model laid the foundation for the learners’ further study, but can’t adapt to a new era of personnel training requirement.
2. 2 Constructivism
According to the views of constructivism. learning is an active construction, knowledge is not taught by the teachers’ teaching or with the help of others’ (for example, teachers’, classmates’) but through a certain scenario (that is social and cultural background), or making use of some necessary material, to construct and get the essence actively. Its’ core is that study is based on one’s own knowledge and experience and the significance construction is the ultimate goal, this kind of significance refers to the nature, regulation of things and the intrinsical link between things. Constructivism is to help the learners get further understand of the content of nature, regulation and the the intrinsical link between things, at the end it will reach a more profound understanding, then its long-term storage will become the schema of the current content.
Just because the construction happened in a certain context and social and cultural background, with the help of other people, through interpersonal and collaborative activities. So the constructivism theory believes that the “situation”, “collaboration”, “conversation” and “significance construction” is the four elements or four attributes in the learning environments [6] .
Now there are the further explanation of the four elements bellow.
2. 2. 1 Situation
In the construction environment, the teaching plan should not only consider the goals of teaching, but also how to build circumstance which help the students to construct their significance. And the creation of situation is the most important one of instructional design.
2. 2. 2 Collaboration
Collaboration exists in the learning process from the start to the end, collaboration is very important to the study data collection and analysis, assumption, verification, evaluation of the study and the ultimate significance.
2. 2. 3 Conversation
Conversation is an indispensable component in the process of collaboration, members of the study group must pass the session to discuss how to complete the task of the study plan. In addition, the written process is conversation process, during the process, the result of each learners’ mind (wisdom) shared by the entire study group. Therefore, conversation is one of the important means to build significance.
2. 2. 4 Constructing significance
This is the ultimate goal of the learning process. The constructing significance means to construct the nature of things, the law and the inherent connection between things. Constructing significance means to help the students to achieve the deeper understanding of the content. This understanding and long-term storage in the brain is the mentioned schema. In other words, It is the cognitive structure of current contents.
From the above mentioned the meaning of learn, we can see that the acquisition of knowledge depends on the ability the learners own to construct significance according to their experience and knowledge, rather than the capacity to remember what the teacher teach.
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