3. 3. 2 Conveying cultural consciousness by means of cultural information from the text
Generally, the main text is a piece of select and integral material containing a great amount of cultural information. Teachers can properly add some culture knowledge in accordance with the contents in the text, which not only helps students to fully understand the meaning of the text, but also gives them more culture knowledge. For example, when discussing Jack London’s works, teachers can add some knowledge of the “Gold Rush” in the history of the United States. According to this, it not only stimulates students’ learning interest and improves their knowledge, but also makes them better understand the author’s experiences and fully understand the whole contents of the text. In the learning of the text, teachers should make students learn the main idea of the text, the language knowledge and improve their language skills. What’s more, teachers also should guide them to find the cultural information from the text and widen their view. In this way, it not only helps students to understand the life and thought of western young people, but also helps them to have correct and progressive outlook of learning and life, which benefits a lot.
3. 3. 3 The experience of exotic culture by means of visual teaching
In English teaching, teachers should make full use of all teaching means to carry out cultural infiltration and create a cultural language environment, making students feel that they are just there. According to the collection and the use of things and pictures related with English speaking countries, teachers can give students some visual culture knowledge and let them know something about foreign countries’ art, sculpture, architectural style and customs. Apart from this, teachers also can make use of movies and TV series to guide students to observe the social culture of English speaking countries, such as basic necessities of life of people in different classes, how to get along with friends, important amusements and festivals, and the expression and gestures of talking and so on.
3. 3. 4 The introduction of cultural education by combining thinking cultivation with English teaching
Another important impact of English cultural factors to Chinese students reflects in the unique way of thinking of the English nation. The sentence structure between English and Chinese language is quite different: English sentences are open to the right, that is, the extension is to the end of the sentence; while Chinese sentences are open to the left, and that is, the extension is to the beginning of the sentence. The location of adjunct can prove it. This phenomenon makes Chinese students hard to adapt the sentence structure of English language. This requires teachers to organize a large number of communicative training activities in the multi-level and multi-aspect way, to cultivate students’ sense of language and to help them to adapt to the thinking ways of western people. After a period of time, students will come to the English learning condition unconsciously and get to the skilled habit of thinking, so that they can be interested in English learning and shape a self-learning ability. Once the students’ English cultural accomplishment rise to a high level of rigorous thinking, it is easy for them to comprehend the essence of language. Therefore, when learning the tense, attributive clause, inversion structure, subjunctive mood and a great number of English idioms, students do not just learn language knowledge, but learn a kind of language seriously and undoubtedly. Meanwhile, the dull and boring language rules and the ways of language structure are becoming easy to learn.
3. 3. 5 Knowing about the culture of English-speaking countries through extracurric- ular reading and Internet
Teachers should encourage students to have a large amount of extracurricular reading and take practice for cultural accumulation. Teachers can advise students to read some simple foreign works, classic prose and biography and so on properly, so that students can fully feel the English language and culture in the original works. As culture bases on historical inheritance and the time, with the continuous development and changes of the time, new language phenomena and cultural phenomena have been constantly generated. So foreign language teaching must guide students to understand and have researches of such kinds of new cultural background knowledge. Teachers can collect and introduce some websites to students for English learning, guiding them to inquire and read the related background information of the text in class and after class to broad their views, such as English Reading Website:
http://www.polyu.edu.hik/comp/readcomp.html; English News Website:
http://www.bbcworld.com. In the process of contacting such original English materials, teachers not only help students to better understand western culture and cultivate interests in English learning, but also complete teaching combination between the text contents and extracurricular knowledge, which is a very effective method [7].
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