4. 4 Other constructive approaches to improving spoken English
Whether students can learn oral English well or not lies in students themselves. According to the actual situation in the region that the equipment of teaching is lack and the quality of the teacher is low, students themselves must depend on themselves to improve their spoken language. Of course, it needs teachers’ help. First of all, from the concept and motivation, they should attach much importance to learn English. Besides, students should seize the opportunity to exercise spoken English. Communication Strategy and the partner strategy are helpful for the rural students to overcome the shyness of speaking English. Reading, reciting and imitation can correct pronunciation, increase the storage of language and enhance sense of the phrase.
(1) Raising interest in learning English and complete the assignments consciously. Under the present circumstances, it is difficult for teachers to reduce the burden of students. Therefore, students learn how to deal with it by themselves. We are known that: "Interest is the best teacher”. Once it is raised, it turns into the consciousness of learning. Students will hard work and complete the assignments in time no matter how the task tremendous. As for them, they take the learning as a happy journey. That needs teachers’ instructions. Teachers can organize the colorful activities in the class. Students can join in al kinds of contests and so on. These are conductive to enhance students’ spoken English interest.
(2) Understanding the purpose of learning English and enhancing the motivation for learning English. Motivation functions as the start, orientation and maintenance to learning behaviors [8]. When students have certain needs, it may trigger their learning inner drive and arouse psychological experience such as internal excited condition. In a word, if the foreign language learners have aims in their mind, they will be active to achieve the goal. Ultimately it stirs up some learning behaviors. In China, English learners just hope to master English language skills or to find a wonderful job in the future or to go abroad to study. In the process of oral English teaching, teachers should fully arouse students the curiosity of learning. Teachers should select various materials and resources which students are interested in so that students can get the latest and most authentic expressions. As for students, they can feel the beauty of English in the language environment and their progress. At the same time, teachers let students know that fluent, typical spoken English can help them achieve their goals. Therefore, the power of learning English will be greater and the language proficiency will be enhanced quickly.
(3) Understanding communication strategy and utilizing it in a day-to-day communication. Learners should first understand the nature, function and communicative potential of communication strategy. Communication Strategy is that learners make use of various strategies to maintain effective communication through seeking more opportunities for communication [9]. It includes the use of certain language and non-verbal means. It can help students continue to carry on communication, unimpeded, to avoid falling into silence or flurry. Communication strategy can be used in many ways, such as evading the topic and making a long story short, transforming the topic, using body language and so on [10].
For example:
(1) -- Do you think she is beautiful?
-- Sorry, I don't know. (to evade the topic)
(2) -- Last night, our class organized an English speech contest?
-- Well. It seemed exciting. (to make a long story short)
(3) -- Wait a minute. Let's talk something else. (to transform the topic)
Examples one and three show that participants don’t want to answer the questions or talk about the topics. Maybe the answers will cause unpleasant. Therefore, participators try to evade the topic and transform the topic to continue the topics. And the example two shows that oral English should be simple and clear so that it is easy for participants to get the point or be understood. Under such circumstance, students can make use of communication strategy.
The strategy can be used through body language, gestures language. English speakers who take English as the mother tongue convey some information in the conversation with a number of gestures. It is proved that communication in most time is achieved by something other than language. Good speakers use body language or gesture language to show their attitude and emotion, and transmit messages. Body language includes posture, use of space, eye movement and contact, facial movement and physical contact and distance. For example, your smile is an obvious signal of friendliness, while few people would like to talk with you if you show haughty airs. And gesture cues are a major indicator of attitude and feeling and a significant part of face-to-face communication [11]. For example, the palm unfolding up have positive meaning. It means "I agree, no problem". While the palm unfolds down, the movement shows the negative meaning" I disagree, don't do that". In order to improve the communication strategy, the best way is that when students run into difficulties in communication, teachers can instruct them some methods of communication strategy to overcome them. Students are able to feel the benefit through using the communication strategy. In the future, they will resort to communication strategy such as body language, gestures language and so on in daily communication.
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