3.1.1.2 Mastering encyclopedic knowledge and having strong desire for knowledge Read omnilegently, almost all the good translators are miscellaneous literator. It is significant to accumulate the relative professional knowledge if you want to do a good spot interpretation, such as understanding and grasp of the usual word on this society, 下岗(laidoff )、国企改革( reform of state-owned enterprises) and like these special terminology and basic concepts can be reduced trouble in the interpretation, and to improve work quality and efficiency. Like some terms in commercial negotiations , 贴水(discount), LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate 伦敦银行同业拆放/优惠利率) and so on, if you remember these word you can do your work very favorable. Some expression of Chinese characteristics depends on collection and trim. For example “老、少、边、穷地区 old revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority ethnic groups, remote areas and poor areas/ former revolutionary base areas , areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, remote and border areas and poverty stricken areas”, “国家扶贫攻坚计划 National Plan for Poverty Relief”, “国民经济持续、稳定、协调地发展 sustained , stable and coordinated development of the national economy”, “国务院稽查特派员 special inspector appointed by the State Council” and so on. However, we usually talk “法盲” is “person ignorant of the law”, not “blind of law”. Attention to the collection of new words in the news of current events, such as “厄尔尼诺现象 El NiÌo Phenomena”, “拉尼娜现象 La NiÌo Phenomena”, “(日美)战区导弹防御系统, TMD ( Theatre Missile Defence) ”, “二恶英 dioxin”, and so on[6].
As a cross-cultural activity, interpretation possesses both its own characteristics and the other features as ordinary inter-personal communication. Influenced by many factors, the interpreting process involves the interaction of both linguistics and extra-linguistic systems and interpreter’s various abilities. The famous interpreter Jean Herbert once said, as a good interpreter, one should “know everything of something and something of everything.” [7]Another famous interpreter and theorist Daniel Gile provided a comprehension formula of interpreting: “C=KL + ELK + A (Comprehension = Knowledge for the Language + Extra-Linguistic Knowledge + Analysis).” And Lin Yuru’s interpreting formula goes like: “I = S + C + P (I =Interpreting, S =Interpreting Skills, C = Comprehension, P = Professional Standard).” Based on these two formulas, Zhong Weihe provided a Knowledge Formula for Interpreters: “KI = KL + EK + S (P + AP). In this formula, KL = Knowledge required for an Interpreter, KL= Knowledge for Languages, EK = Encyclopedic Knowledge, S (P + AP) = Professional Interpreting Skills and Artistic Presentation Skills.” [8] He proposes that Interpreting related courses should be designed according to this Knowledge Requirements Formula for Interpreters.
Except the sound encyclopedic knowledge, an interpreter should also have a thirst for knowledge. The skills of SI interpreting including three aspects: a) skill of interpreting; b) knowledge of specialty; c) language ability. The last two parts require the continuous study and accumulation. Without the thirst for the acquisition of knowledge, the interpreter can hardly deal with the ever-changing topic of interpretation.
3.1.2 Psychological quality
An excellent interpreter should have not only a solid foundation in his major and cultural knowledge but also the good qualities in dealing with emergency. Simultaneous interpretation is a high complex discourse performance where language perception, comprehension, translation and production operations carried out virtually in parallel and under severe time pressure. Therefore, the interpreter’s attention is distracted by all these tasks. SI students must learn to cope with all these tasks concurrently. Many interpreters have such an experience that when they did interpretation for the first time, most of them feel so nervous that they may perform badly even the content to be interpreted is quite familiar to them normally. This is called “stage fright”, mainly caused by poor psychological quality. In order to avoid “mental blankness”, the interpreter should maintain good psychological quality, which can be trained at ordinary times. You should have sound fundamental knowledge, which will help you gain your confidence naturally. With confidence, it is much easier to adjust your psychological status.
3.1.3 Political quality
Political quality include interpreter thoroughly understand and apply policy of the party and country, serious work attitude and meticulous work style. Zhou Enlai had suggested “three strong” demand to the Foreign Affair staff . And the first place is “strong political quality”. in the first, interpreter is a foreign affair staff, he/she would directly involved the foreign exchanges on different occasions, whether it is to go abroad to participate in various activities, or to participate in related activities in the inland, he/she should have a firm political stand. Interpreter must hold the political position when he/she interpret, and follow the policy of the party and country. For example, foreigners will sometimes put some political issues, and sometimes even some sensitive political issue. This is the interpreter can not be avoided. Especially some of the one-sided view of the content to China, as a patriotic Chinese interpreter should be resolutely oppose to this thinking.
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