Also different texts have their own features. Their structures, diction and expressions have special request. So different styles of texts need to be translated by different strategies. That is to say, a translator must play his subjectivity to the styles of texts. In return, a translator ignores the style, he will not create an excellent target text. Unscrambled information by a translator must be filtrated by target culture. A cultural image can be described or expressed by different words. For instance, the word “old”stands for dignity and authority in China. “Lao Tong Zhi (老同志)”, “Lao Da Ye（老大爷）”are used to respect one person with higher status. While the western are trying best to avoid using the word directly, they rack their brains to express the meaning politely. “Senior citizen”, “the advanced in age” are used to describe a person old in age or with rich life experience. Various words and expressions are used to denote the same referent or cultural image, in order to make the target readers have the same aesthetic feeling and taste as the original readers. Therefore, target culture norms have great restriction on readers’ receptivity, on second thoughts, the translator’s subjectivity is confined to an extent.
5 Display of translator’s subjectivity
From the above statement, the translator’s subjectivity really exists in translating process and should not be ignored. Meanwhile, restrictions of the translator’s subjectivity needs to be paid more attentions. Therefore, a translator should understand that he must display his subjective agency in translation, and he should consider some limitations of his subjectivity.
Firsly, traditional translation studies, which prescribe completely loyal and equivalent standards and principles for an excellent translator and translated texts, should be abandoned and made a differnce between proper and wrong criterions. The translator’s subjectivity is closely connected with the subjectivity of author and readers, so their inter-subjectivity needs to be respected and attached much inportance. As translation is a complex purposeful social behavior of the translator, which involves languages, cultures and psychology of the translator. And receptors and reception contexts have a great impact on translator’s subjectivity, thus, the transltaor will pays more emphasis on receptors and target language culture. Also, a translator should realize his several identities — an active reader, a re-writer and a creator, and rightly play his various roles in translation.
Secondly, restrictions of translator’s subjectivity will be arouse the same attention. Although the translator is confined by various subjective and objective factors incessantly, meanwhile, he is to use some translation strategies and skills to conform these restrictions so as to serve for his translation practice and purpose [20]. A translator needs to improve his bilingual and expressive ability, and can expertly manipulate his mother tongue and target language. When a translator has a better bilingual and expressive ability, he will produce a more excellent and suitable translated works. Also when a translator would like to translate a text, he has to know and grasp target language cultural norms and produce a translated work which is gone over big in the target country.
To sum up, while displaying subjective agency, a translator should respect the original text, author, readers and reception context. For instance, “Times Square” is translated into “时报广场” instead of “时代广场”, which sounds better and reasonable. Because the building of The New York Times is located in Times Square [21]. Although “Times” has many meanings itself, a translator must review the word’s original context, so that he can produce a better translated text for readers. And he will realize that he must display his subjective agency in translation and use some translation strategies and skills to lessen the negative influence of restriction factors. With a proper and comprehensive understanding of the translator’s subjectivity, the translator will display his subjectivity and achieve his translation purpose better.
Conclusion
From what is mentioned above, it’s easy to come to the conclusion that the translator’s subjectivity is embodied in translator’s activities under the prerequisite of respecting the translating object so as to achieve his translation purpose. Its basic features are the subject’s humanity, aesthetic creativity, cultural consciousness and so on.
Evidently, the subjectivity of the translator is embodied in the whole process of translation, from reading the source text to completing the translation task. The translation process engages the translator, the author, the reader, and many other participants, while the translator plays the most active and central role in translation. The establishment of the translator’s subjectivity has experienced a long time. Nowadays, the translator’ subjectivity and creativity in translation have been widely acknowledged by people. The translator’s status and functions have greatly improved through the establishment of the translator’s subjectivity. Synchronously, the restrictions of the translator’s subjectivity need to be paid the same attention. Bilingual ability, full observation of target language norms and clear translation skopos are needed. And the translator needs to foster his competence to produce good translated works, and he is required to fully display his subjectivity and creativity within the boundary of his freedom. With proper cognition of the translator’s subjectivity, the translator will achieve his translation purpose better and produce excellent target texts for public reader. Reaseaches on the subjectivity of the translator are no longer a rare phenomena. The subjective status of the translator is generally recognized and accepted. But the application of the translator’s subjectivity is not limitless, which needs to be further researched.转贴于 酷文网-论文下载中心 http://www.coolwen.net
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