The following is a report from Chinanews, Beijing, June 16 - "Many Chinese wonder why there have been no Nobel Prize winners from China. I should say the answer can only be sought from our defective Examination-oriented Education system. We must work hard to reform it and academic environment as soon as possible, or our effort will only be in vain," said Wang Shouguan, a famous astronomer and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. There were 159 winners of the Nobel Prize for Physics in the 20th century, about 2/3 of whom made their achievements in their 20s. That is to say, every excellent high school graduate has the potential to be the backbone of scientific research in the near future. However, Nobel Prize has never been issued to any scholar from the Chinese mainland, as examination-oriented education here pushes students to become interested only in the result of examinations, rather than the mastery of knowledge. Even if some of them might survive the challenge of a series of examinations and get a doctor's degree, they have already passed the best age for scientific research. [8]
Examination-oriented education cause many problems and harms in English teaching in senior middle school. In my opinion, students are lack of communicative competence, and it’s difficult for them to express theirs ideas in English smoothly, they have few chance to speak English and few English environment to practice English.
1. 3. 1 Deaf and dumb English
Today in China, many people are learning English. Yet what can we say about the fruits of their efforts? Chinese students’ English is often called “deaf and dumb English” which means their listening and speaking abilities are very low. It’s a common phenomenon that Chinese students still have difficulty in communicating with native speakers of English even though they have learned it for more than 10 years. Companies often complain that a college graduate student working there who has passed CET-4 or even CET-6 (which is the higher level) cannot speak with a foreigner! Many Chinese students studying in the US find it difficult to use English even if they’ve got high scores on the TOEFL and GRE exams. A Chinese vice-Premier also stated that poor proficiency had influenced Chinese economic development. So the problem in English learning and teaching is serious.
In senior middle school, English teaching aims at developing students’ reading ability. To a certain degree, communication skills in English such as listening and speaking are not give enough attention. The aim was suitable when people in China depended on English material to learn about foreign countries. Nowadays, it is more important for students to improve their oral and listening ability. It’s high time we remedied the phenomenon of “deaf English” and “dumb English” (when students can read, but cannot speak English fluently, or understand what people say). Some students said their vocabulary was probably larger than that of some native speakers, but they could not express themselves in English. After ten years’ English learning they were still “deaf and dumb” Because reading is emphasized, grammar is mainly taught in Chinese. Classes are relatively large (more than 20 students) so students seldom have a chance to speak. Through lack of funds, many universities lack language lab or multi-media facilities, thus, students’ listening an oral English training is impaired. In order to expand the vocabulary, students spend much time reciting words, but they don’t know how to use them correctly in practice. [9]
1. 3. 2 Restriction of innovation
“In their prime, people are busy with dealing with various kinds of examinations; and after one has passed all the necessary examinations, one is already old, like an arrow at the end of its flights and unable to do as much as one would like to. Then, who will China rely on for scientific and technological innovation?” — CAE Member Qin Boyi. At the “China Science and Culture Forum” held at the Great Hall of the People a few days ago, Qin Boyi, former president of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, pointed out that the system of examination-oriented education and scientific research tends to blunt the ability for innovation.
In senior middle school, the modern examination-oriented education cannot provide the multiple abilities necessary for successful personages, such as the abilities to seize opportunities, to put oneself in a proper position, to adapt to the environment, to show one’s strong points and hide one’s weaknesses, to command various means of expression, and to cooperate well with others, meanwhile all these abilities are more important to a person’s development than test certificates.
Nowadays, there are over 2,000 trades, each having its distinctive characteristics in employing people of talent. People are quite different from each other, and we must admit the differences in individual characters between people, and allow the development of individual traits, continued Qin. However, the schools in China train students in batches, and personality education cannot be realized under such a system.
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