Abstract: In accordance with the differences between English and Chinese poetry, this paper attempts to discuss the expression techniques of the target language needed in English translation for Chinese classic poems. The author indicates that the translation of Chinese classic poems into English not only requires the persistence with the original meaning but also demands the similarity in image and rhythm, and the author’s device of various technique expressions in English poems is an essential translating skill. In order to better prove the author’s theory, the paper selects a number of translations of Chinese classic poems written by the famous experts, and from all aspects analyses how to use the expression techniques of the target language in translating for the further reflection of the original beauty. The paper is of certain significance to the poem translation in Chinese literature and it is hoped to make excellent Chinese ancient poems loved by foreign readers so as to promote Chinese culture as well.
Key words: Employment of English poetic device; Image; Rhythm; Style
摘 要：本文根据中西方诗歌的不同之处，试图论述在把中国古典诗词翻译成英语语言文字的过程中需要借鉴目的语的一些表现手法。作者提出在汉诗英译时，不仅要意思相符，而且在意象，音律，节奏上要十分贴近，译者对英诗中各种表现手法的借鉴是至关重要的翻译技巧。为了更好地证明作者提出的理论，本文精选了一些出自大家手笔的中国古典诗词的译作，从多个角度分析这些作品在英译中借鉴目的语中的修辞手法，并结合自己的经验，以求进一步体现原作的美感。本研究对汉诗英译有一定的意义，使中国古代优秀作品为外国读者所喜所爱，推广汉文化。
关键词：借鉴；意象；韵律；体裁
Introduction
Poem, as the most beautiful art in literature, has hundreds of years’ history. It is so attractive that a great number of people like to learn it, appreciate it and translate it. Translation is a strongly practical process. Zhu Guangqian, a famous esthetician and writer in China, has once said, “Translating is like painting; the first is seizing the shape and demeanor, and then brushing it with performance on the screen. Similarly, the translators always master the expressions of ideas, senses and style of a language, and then use translating skills in another language to express it. ” [1]
There are numerous outstanding works of poetry in China. The Earliest poems in Chinese history are from “The Book of Songs”, dating back to 3,000 years ago. Chinese classic poetry not only belongs to China but also to the world. There are too many differences between foreign poems and Chinese poems, while there are also many differences in English translation of Chinese poetry. However, they have one thing in common, that is, employment of English poetic devices plays a very important role in the process of translating. Employments of English poetic devices in the progress of Chinese classic poem translation make foreign readers appreciate Chinese poetry better and spread Chinese culture, which is so-called “Do as the Romans do.”
1 Poem and poem translation
Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary defines poem as “piece of creative writing in verse, especially one expressing deep feelings or noble thoughts in beautiful language, written with the intention of communicating an experience.” [2]
Poem is neither just words, nor just rhythm. It is music of words, a way of seeing. Poets write poem to express their ideas and opinion.
A good under of standing the characteristics of poem is helpful to a better command of poem translation.
1. 1 Definition of poem translation
A famous author once says, “The understanding of translation’s basic definition … is the necessary academic process of translation.” [3] Look at the detailed description by Ye Zinan: Widely speaking, it includes numerous items, even the transformation between lingual symbols and non-lingual symbols. More strictly, translation should also include the transformation among different variants in one certain language [3].
1. 2 Features and requirements of poem translation
As we all know that poem translation is determined by its own characteristics, it emphasizes tempo, rhythm, image and so on. There are many requirements of poem translation in the literature.
1. 2. 1 Features of poem translation
First, poem emphasizes the beauty of tempo and rhythm. A beautiful poem must have much attractiveness between the lines. When you hear some reading the charming poem, it seems that you are listening to a beautiful song.转贴于 酷文网-论文下载中心 http://www.coolwen.net
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